Cystic acne and hormonal acne are two common types of acne that can be distinguished by their characteristics and underlying causes:

1. Cystic Acne:

– Cystic acne is a severe form of acne characterized by painful, deep, and inflamed nodules or cysts beneath the skin’s surface.

– It often appears as large, red, swollen bumps and can be sensitive to touch.

– Cystic acne is caused by excess oil production, clogged pores, bacteria, and inflammation in the skin.

– It can lead to scarring if not treated properly.

– Treatment usually involves prescription medications like isotretinoin, spironolactone, or corticosteroid injections.

– Source: [American Academy of Dermatology – Cystic Acne](https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/acne/types/severe/acne-cystic)

2. Hormonal Acne:

– Hormonal acne is linked to hormonal fluctuations, especially increased androgen levels, that stimulate oil production and lead to clogged pores.

– It often appears around the jawline, chin, and lower face.

– Hormonal acne may worsen before and during menstruation, pregnancy, menopause, or when starting or stopping birth control pills.

– Treatment typically involves topical medications like retinoids or oral contraceptives, anti-androgen medications, or hormonal therapy.

– Source: [